Is Al Jazeera Anti-Semitic and Anti-American

With its 24/7 coverage of the Cairo protests garnering praise from media critics, many are calling on more U.S. cable systems to carry the Arabic news network Al Jazeera. But is the Qatar-based network anti-Semitic and anti-American, as some - like Fox News host Bill OReilly - have claimed? And should Al Jazeera - which is presently only available in a few U.S. markets - be offered nationwide? Matthew Baum, a professor of Global Communications and Public Policy at Harvard Universitys John F. Kennedy School of Government, says yes - but with a few caveats. Baum, who watched Al Jazeera fairly regularly when he spent time in Europe in the past few years, says theres no question the mix of editorial views on it are more critical of U.S. policy and Israel, and more sympathetic to Arab perspectives than what youd see on an American network. Baum says its not surprising that Al Jazeera has a more pro-Arab editorial slant. Thats simply reflecting who their customers are, the perspective of the region. And while some of what he heard in Al Jazeera broadcasts annoyed the crap out of me, Baum adds that Americans should have more exposure to what folks in that region think. We tend to be pretty uninformed about whats going on in that part of the world. Eric Nisbet, a communications professor at Ohio State University who has studied Arab media and anti-Americanism, says its important to distinguish between the English and Arabic channels of Al Jazeera. The English channel has a very cosmopolitan perspective and is staffed largely by former corespondents from the BBC and U.S. networks, he says. The Arabic channel, not surprisingly, is aimed squarely at an Arab audience and prides itself on giving voice to a wide range of perspectives from throughout the region. The result? At times it airs the views of extremists, sometimes without challenging them as much as they should, Nisbet says. There are definitely some biases in that they are an Arabic channel for Arab audiences. And yes, there is anti-Semitism, Nisbet adds. Unfortunately in Arabic political discourse there is a great deal of anti-Semitism. The conversation there about Israel and American foreign policy is very different from our discourse in the U.S. Nisbet hastens to add that the channel also frequently features representatives from the U.S. and Israeli governments, and that it is widely watched in Israel. Even given the networks problems, Nisbet, like Baum, believes Al Jazeera, at least in its English-speaking incarnation, should be aired more widely on U.S. television. We as a country need to know what other people think of us, he says. If we really want to make informed decisions about foreign policy and about the opportunities and challenges we face overseas, we need to hear that perspective. Al Jazeera provides a very non-American window on the world that we need to be looking through. Photo by Getty Images Follow me on Facebook Twitter

The Multi Store Model And The Working Memory Model

Memory is our ability to encode, store,retain and subsequently recall information and past experiences in the human brain (Luke Mastin,2010). In this review I am going to focus on the multi store model and the working memory model, which explain in detail how memory works. The multi-store model (MSM) of memory by Atkinson and Shiffrin (1968), explains that the memory is made up of three different stores.These are: sensory memory (SM), short term memory(STM) and long term memory(LTM). This model explains how each store works in terms of encoding, duration and capacity. The SM obtains the information from environmental stimuli through our five senses which are touch,sight,smell,taste and sound. In SM the encoding is either visual,auditory or haptic; duration is  ¼ to  ½ seconds and the capacity is all sensory experience(McLeod S.A,2007). Attention is essential for the information to transfer to the STM, otherwise it is lost through decay. The information in the STM is mostly encoded acoustically. The diagram below shows us how the information is transferred from one store to another. According to Miller s Magic number 7 (1956) most adults can store from 5 to 9 items, therefore STM is known to have a capacity of 7+/-2 items and a duration of up to 18 seconds. The information in this store can be lost through displacement which is replacing the old information with new ones or forgetting it (decay). There are two types of rehearsals. Maintenance rehearsal is not effectiveShow MoreRelatedEvaluate two models of one cognitive process1042 Words   |  5 Pagestwo models of one cognitive process This essay will be discussing one particular cognitive process: the memory by evaluating two models, which are the Multi store model introduced by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and the Working memory model by Baddeley and Hitch in 1974. The first model is the multi store model. It was first proposed by Atkinson and Shiffrin in 1968 and is a typical example of the information-processing approach. According to this model, memory consistsRead MoreWorking Memory Model Essay941 Words   |  4 Pagescriticised the multi-store model for being a very simplistic view of memory. They saw short term memory as a store that had many individual sections inside it. This was supported by patient KF who had epilepsy, the doctor wanted to try and remedy this by removing his hippocampus. This surgery was done, however instead of fixing his epilepsy, it damaged his short term memory, yet he still had his long term memory intact. In the multi-store model it states that in order to have long term memory, one needsRead MoreThe Multi Store Model Of Memory And Research Into Eyewitness Testimony1065 Words   |  5 PagesDiscuss how memory can be explained with reference to models of memory and research into Eyewitness Testimo ny. Introduction The investigation into memory - how we encode, store and retrieve data - made great advances in the 20th century. Along with biological influences memories define who we are, without them our individuality would be lost. This essay will scrutinize the multi-store model of memory and working model of memory to determine their legitimacy. Each model will be examined on its meritsRead MoreEssay on Baddeley and Hitch’s Working Memory Model1140 Words   |  5 PagesThis essay addresses the working memory model which was proposed by Baddeley and Hitch (1974 in Smith Kosslyn, 2007) as a response to Atkinson and Shiffrins (1968 in Smith, 2007) multi-store model. According to Baddely and Hitch the multi-store model failed to explain most of the complexities of the human memory and viewed it as being too simplistic. They argued that the short term memory store must have more components rather it being a single inflexible store as suggested previously by AtkinsonRead MoreOutline and E valuate the Working Memory Model1210 Words   |  5 Pagesshort-term memory (STM) provided by the Multi-Store Model was far too simple. Following the Multi-Store Model, it is believed that STM holds limited amounts of information for short periods of time with relatively little processing, it is believed to be a unitary store. This means that due to its single store it has no subsystems, unlike the Working Memory Model which has many subsystems. This proves that the Working Memory is not a unitary store. Working Memory is STM. In contrast to the Multi-StoreRead MoreEssay about The Human Memory917 Words   |  4 PagesThe Human Memory Many people dont know it but the memory of a human is more complex than thought to be. The memory can be divided into three stores which are Sensory, Short term and Long term. There are also two processes which are Attention and Rehearsal. I will be looking at these sections closely to help explain the human memory. I will also be looking at past experiments which will help me support my theory. The Sensory stores are made up of three parts- VisualRead MoreModels Of Theories Of Memory1235 Words   |  5 PagesEvaluate two models of theories of memory. This essay will evaluate two models of theories of memory. Memory can be defined as the persistence of learning over time via the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information. Encoding is the process of categorizing incoming information through conscious effortful processing, rehearsal, or unconscious automatic processing. The storage process involves the retention of encoded information over time. Lastly, retrieval is the process of getting informationRead MoreEssay on The Sophistication of the Brain1473 Words   |  6 Pagesstructure and the mind is viewed as the software. This is because software is not physical and somewhat controls what processes can be carried out on a computer. A computer has a hard disk which can store a large volume of information, which is similar to the long term memory store in the brain. Short term memory is stored in the brain, much like RAM in a computer (Lytton, 2002). Information processing theories try to explain the conscious mental processes that occur when a stimulus is processed. (ParkinRead MoreEssay about Mulit-Store Model of Memory vs. Working Memory Model1101 Words   |  5 PagesCompare and contrast the multi-store model of memory with the working memory model. This essay will firstly briefly describe the theories and important facts about the original multi-store model of memory (MSM) and the working memory model (WMM). This essay will then evaluate the key studies within these two models and explain the strengths and weaknesses of the main theories. The final part of this essay will be to examine the similarities and differences between the two models. The first issue thatRead Moreevaluation of the WMM2112 Words   |  9 Pagesï » ¿CEP – Evaluation of the Working Memory Model Atkinson’s and Shiffrin’s (1968) multi-store model was extremely successful in terms of the amount of research it generated. However, as a result of this research, it became apparent that there were a number of problems with their ideas concerning the characteristics of short-term memory. Building on this research, Baddeley and Hitch (1974) developed an alternative model of short-term memory which they called working memory. Baddeley and Hitch (1974)

Business Law. Law and Application Free Essays

Issue Is there a valid contract between Khalid and Siti? Law and Application When Khalid is interested in buying Siti’s painting which she had named â€Å"Hawa†, Khalid met Siti and told her that he will pay her RM5,000 for â€Å"Hawa†. This is an offer. Offer had be defined in S2(a) Contracts Act 1950 as â€Å"when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to the act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal†. We will write a custom essay sample on Business Law. Law and Application or any similar topic only for you Order Now Under the Contract Act 1950, a proposal is something which is capable of being converted into an agreement by its acceptance. Moreover, merely giving information is not an offer. For example of Harvey v Facey (1893) case, P telegraphed D – â€Å"Will you sell us Bumber Hall Pen? Telegraph lowest cash price. † D replied, â€Å"Lowest cash price ? 900. † P purported to accept the offer. The court held that price information is merely information. There was no offer to accept. Khalil had given clear information that he want to buy Siti’s painting with the price RM 5, 000, the offer is exist. But Siti said she will think about it. Two weeks after she made her mind that she want to sell the painting to Khalid for RM7,000 not Rm 5,000. This is a counter offer not acceptance. Counter offer had be defined in S6(c) Contracts Act 1950 as â€Å"by the failure of the acceptor to fulfill a condition precedent to acceptance. † Siti as the offeree makes a count offer revokes the original offer which made by Khalil. Counter offer had also defined in S7(a) Contracts Act 1950 in order to convert a proposal into a promise that acceptance it must â€Å"be absolute and unqualified†. It does refer to the case of Hyde v Wrench (1840), D made an offer to sell his house for ? 1000. P purposely accepted at ? 950 but D refused, P accepted the original offer of ? 1000. The court held that counter offer terminated the original offer. There was nothing to accept. Furthermore, acceptance had be define in S2(b) Contracts Act 1950 as â€Å"when the person to whom the proposal is made signifies his assent thereto, the proposal is said to be accepted: a proposal, when accepted, becomes a promise†. Thus the original offerror whose offer has been terminated by the offeree’s counter offer can accept or reject the offeree’s counter offer. Khalid said that the price Siti offered was too high and he did not want the painting, means that this is a rejection by Khalid. One week later, Khalid received bonus from his employer. After he got the money to pay so and he immediately contact Siti that he will pay the RM7,000 for â€Å"Hawa†. This is a new counter offer from Khalid. According to S2(a) Contracts Act 1950 â€Å"when one person signifies to another his willingness to do or to abstain from doing anything, with a view to obtaining the assent of that other to the act or abstinence, he is said to make a proposal†. But Siti has refused to sell the painting to Khalid with the price RM7, 000; she then said that for the price of her painting has gone up to RM10, 000. This is can counter offer. Conclusion There is no valid contract between Khalil and Siti. The moment that Siti sell her panting for RM 7,000, Khalil had refuse and reject the offer. When he wanted to buy the painting with RM 7, 000, Siti had gone up the price of her painting as RM 10, 000. For the whole â€Å"trade† there is no acceptance exists. There is just exist offer, couter offer and revocation. A contact without acceptance is void, therefor; there is no contract between them. How to cite Business Law. Law and Application, Essay examples

Hollitz Ch free essay sample

In the early twentieth century, an incredible artistic movement occurred that prompted an aesthetic reform for American living. The movement was known as Arts and Crafts. A mix of progressives consisting of designers, architects, and artists promoted simplified architectural style, handicraft production, and wholesome environments. The following essay will examine the many social and economic influences that shaped the new housing developments as well as what effects the ‘modern’ bungalow style housing had on the American family. In 1900, Americans were very receptive to the new bungalow style home. According to historian Gwendolyn Wright, Americans have long used domestic architecture to encourage certain kinds of family and home life. The Arts and Crafts movement helped demonstrate this by promoting simplified and wholesome environments through quiet lines and minimal decoration. In 1901, a man named Gustav Stickley created a magazine that offered his readers model house designs to build on their own homes. This would allow many working-class families to become homeowners. We will write a custom essay sample on Hollitz Ch or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Another designer named Edward Bok was very influential on the development of the new style of housing. In Wrights article, she says Bok wanted to encourage middle-class women to become more involved in the home thereby relinquishing their recent tendencies to abandon domestic duties for jobs for womens clubs activities. He wanted a house free from senseless ornamentation, one that was equipped with the latest sanitary fixtures and decorated with unpretentious furnishings, with a few handmade necessities. Bok thought that many women made the mistake of over furnishing their homes because they fear being seen as â€Å"bare†. He has many arguments about why a simply furnished home would be better, especially for women. Many architects were hesitant to accept Boks designs, but when the depression came in the 1890s they became very open to the idea of his suburban dwellings. In 1901, Bok launched the first of a series of modern model dwellings. This encouraged the Arts and Crafts movement because thousands of readers sent in five dollars for a complete set of plans and specifications. As the working class started to build their newly designed houses by their own hand, this encouraged the female role in the home. Bocs designs called for a small easy to clean kitchen along with the latest sanitary fixtures. As this idea developed many other designers including Isabelle McDougall wrote articles that implied that a housewife or household administrator was to keep their kitchen extremely clean with that scientific cleanliness of a surgery, which we know to be far ahead of any mere housewife neatness. This led designs to become compact and carefully planned with approximate square footage and where everything had a place. The idea of an efficient kitchen brought along the introduction of electrical appliances, unfortunately the new appliances were not always reliable, but this did however bring electricity to every class in society becoming the modern servant. In Christine Fredericks article Putting the American Woman and Her Home on a Business Basis (1914) she points out how the scientific management in the workplace would benefit the kitchen of the American household. She claims that, at that moment in time, the American housekeeping is distasteful to the ‘most intelligent portion of housekeepers’. She states that it lacks mental interest and was without the spirit of competition in that it does not possess the dignity of the serious profession. The decline in the housing interest was due to people deciding to drift to large cities where more and more of the original functions of the home were being diminished, increasing demands of sanitation, greatly increased cost of living, and general broadening of womens horizon has led to the diminish net of a womans role in the household. In a way the bungalow dramatically changed domestic living. It brought in clean and organized living spaces, compared to the cramped life in the tenant buildings. Domestic architecture encouraged social cooperation. There were common architectural standers that would visually reinforce the idea of a balanced egalitarian social life for both men and women. Designers worked hard to come up with floor plans that would accommodate single men and women as well as married couples. They wanted to make it efficient and functional in order to keep women in the home rather than out in the work field. In cramped close quarters of tenant buildings there was disease and discomfort everywhere. With the new architecture including plenty of windows, people were able to get fresh air and enjoy the sunlight whereas before they were not able to. The Arts and Crafts movement brought along many different ideas of domestic reform. Views about domestic problems varied as did the style of bungalow. The family structure changed, bringing the idea of a housewife into the picture. The middle class were now able to be homeowners. The American family became central focus of the American dream.